Everything about The Freising Manuscripts totally explained
The
Freising Manuscripts (also
Freising Folia,
Freising Fragments, or
Freising Monuments;
Slovene Brižinski spomeniki,
German Freisinger Denkmäler,
Latin Monumenta Frisingensia,
Slovak Frizinské pamiatky) are the first
Roman-script continuous text in a
Slavic language and the oldest document in
Slovene.
The monuments consisting of three texts in the oldest
Slovene dialect were discovered bound into a Latin
codex (manuscript book) in
Freising (Slovene
Brižinje,
Brižine or
Brižinj),
Germany. In 1803 the manuscript came to the
Bavarian State Library in
Munich and the Freising Manuscripts were discovered there in 1807.
Four
parchment leaves and a further quarter of a page have been preserved. Linguistic, stylistic and contextual analyses reveal that these are church texts of careful composition and literary form.
The precise date of the origin of the Freising Manuscripts can't be exactly determined; the original text was probably written in the
9th century. In this
liturgic and
homiletic manuscript, three Slovene records were found and this miscellany was probably an episcopal manual (pontificals). The Freising Manuscripts in it were created between 972 and 1093, most likely before 1000. The main support for this dating is the writing, which was used in the centuries after
Charlemagne and is named
Carolingian minuscule.
In the 8th century the early medieval
Slovene state of
Carantania joined the union with
Bavaria and during the time of the writing of the two manuscripts (sermons on sin and repentance, a confessional form),
Bishop Abraham was active (from
957 to
994) in Freising and also acquired a large estate of land in the Creina province around
Škofja Loka (now central
Slovenia) and in
Carinthia around Lake Wörth (Germ.
Wörthersee).
It is believed that the manuscripts were written in the
Möll River Valley in
Carinthia. For this reason some linguists (for example
Jernej Kopitar and
Rajko Nahtigal) linked Abraham closely to the origin of the Freising Manuscripts and, without any firm evidence, attributed to him the authorship of one of the texts and suspected that he was of Slovene origin. The texts were translated into Slovene in 1854 by the Slovene Slavist and grammarian
Anton Janežič at Brizno, Brižnik
(External Link
).
The manuscripts are still kept at the Bavarian State Library in Munich and have left it only twice. In the 1970s they were exhibited in
Vatican City and in May and June 2004 they were exhibited at the
National and University Library in
Ljubljana (a
notice in
Slovene).
Before the Second World War a
facsimile of the Freising Manuscripts was published by
Silvester Škerl at
Akademska založba in Ljubljana.
Further Information
Get more info on 'Freising Manuscripts'.
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